Why is goat cheese white and cow’s cheese yellow?

The color depends on the stomach of the goat versus the cow. Both animals eat food/grass containing the yellow-orange pigment carotene. Goats convert carotene into vitamin A, so no yellow pigment ends up in goat cheese. Cows do not convert carotene, so the pigment remains in the milk, particularly in the milk fat. Cheese, being high in fat, contains a lot of carotene, giving cow’s milk cheese its yellow color.